IV. Services

A. Validation/ Verification of greenhouse gases according to ISO 14064 standards

1. Terms and definitions (according to the IPCC and ISO 14060 series standards)

Terms	Definitions
(GHG - greenhouse gas)	Gaseous components of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and emit radiation at specific wavelengths within the infrared radiation spectrum emitted by the Earth's surface, atmosphere, and clouds. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
Greenhouse gas inventory	It is the activity of collecting information and data on greenhouse gas emission sources, calculating the amount of greenhouse gas emissions and absorption within a defined scope and a specific year, following the methods and procedures issued by the competent authority.
Greenhouse gas verification	It is the process of evaluating a statement about historical data and information to determine whether it is fundamentally accurate and complies with the criteria. This ensures that the data and calculations for greenhouse gas emissions/removals are complete, accurate, and in accordance with the GHG Protocol and standards such as ISO 14064-1, ISO 14064-2, ISO 14067, etc.
Greenhouse gas validation	It is the process of evaluating the reasonableness of assumptions, limitations, and methods to support statements about the results of future greenhouse gas inventory activities.

2. Introduction to ISO 14064 standard

The ISO 14064 standard is divided into three parts:

• ✔ ISO 14064-1: Provides the principles and requirements for designing, implementing, managing, and reporting greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories at the organizational level. The standard outlines the requirements for identifying GHG emission and removal boundaries, quantifying the organization’s emissions and removals, and identifying specific actions to improve GHG management. It also includes requirements and guidance for quality management regarding inventories, reporting, internal evaluation, and the organization’s responsibilities in verification activities.
• ✔ ISO 14064-2: Provides the principles and requirements for establishing baselines for monitoring, quantifying, and reporting emissions from projects. This standard focuses on GHG projects or project-level activities specifically designed to reduce GHG emissions and/or enhance GHG removals. It provides a foundation for GHG projects that are subject to validation and verification.
• ✔ ISO 14064-3: Provides the requirements for validating/verifying GHG assertions related to GHG inventories, GHG projects, and the carbon footprint of products. This standard describes the validation or verification process, including the planning of the validation or verification, the evaluation process, and the assessment of GHG claims made by organizations, projects, and products.

3. Areas that need to be included in a greenhouse gas emissions inventory

Sector	Industry
Energy	Coal mining and natural gas extraction Energy production industry, nuclear Trade and civilian service industries
Transportation	Energy consumption (oil, gas, gasoline, etc.).
Construction	Consumption and production of building materials
Industry	Chemical production. Metallurgy, electronics Production and use of industrial products Use of ozone-depleting substitute products
Agriculture	Livestock, crop production Land use change and land improvement.
Waste	Waste or wastewater treatment Solid waste landfills Waste incineration Biological waste treatment methods

4. Benefits of Validating/Verifying Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report

• ✔ Improves the management and reporting of greenhouse gas information for the organization.
• ✔ Enhances the reliability of reported data and calculation results
• ✔ Meets the requirements and expectations of stakeholders regarding the verification of information.
• ✔ Helps organizations and businesses comply with the requirements of standards and programs such as: CDP (Carbon Disclosure Project), GRI (Global Reporting Initiative), or SBTi (Science Based Targets Initiative).

5. Process of Validating/ Verifying Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reports

• ✔ Step 1: Receive initial information and validation/ verification application.
• ✔ Step 2: Review and evaluate preliminary data.
• ✔ Step 3: Exchange information and communicate the review results to the client.
• ✔ Step 4: Define requirements and sign the validation/ verification agreement
• ✔ Step 5: Develop the validation/ verification program, sampling plan, and notify the client.
• ✔ Step 6: Validate/ verify data, conduct on-site assessments, and report findings.
• ✔ Step 7: Independent review, prepare validation/ verification report, and issue validation/ verification statement/ certificate.

6. 6. Benefits of Greenhouse Gas Validation/Verification Disclosure

• ✔ ServicesBuild an international standard-compliant greenhouse gas reporting, verification, and calculation management system.
• ✔ ServicesProvide evidence of compliance with legal environmental management and social responsibility requirements.
• ✔ ServicesEstablish a foundation for quantifying, managing, and reporting GHG emissions, and develop and implement equivalent and consistent GHG programs or plans toward carbon neutrality.
• ✔ ServicesMonitor performance and progress in reducing GHG emissions and/or increasing effectiveness of GHG removals.
• ✔ ServicesEnhance competitiveness, making it easier to overcome carbon-related trade mechanisms/barriers.
• ✔ ServicesImprove the brand image and reputation of the organization/business.

7. Validation/Verification Capacity of ISATS

The greenhouse gas validation/verification experts at ISATS have in-depth knowledge and many years of experience as environmental/quality management system assessors, and independently validate/verify greenhouse gas inventory reporting projects.

ISATS ensures independence, neutrality, objectivity, fairness, reliability, and a thorough understanding of the operations of clients and relevant stakeholders.